In considering whether an electric space heater is cheaper than gas, it is essential to examine various factors, including the cost of electricity versus natural gas, the efficiency of the heating systems, and the specific circumstances of the space being heated.
Understanding the Cost of Electricity and Natural Gas
The cost of electricity and natural gas can vary significantly by location. In some regions, natural gas may be four times cheaper than electricity, while in others, the price difference may be less dramatic. For example, in the United States, the average residential price of natural gas is around $10.66 per million British thermal units (BTU), while the average residential price of electricity is around $0.1425 per kilowatt-hour (kWh). This means that in areas where natural gas is significantly cheaper, a gas furnace may be the more cost-effective option.
However, it’s important to note that the cost of electricity can also be influenced by the source of the electricity. In regions where electricity is primarily generated from renewable sources, such as solar or wind, the cost of electricity may be lower and more stable compared to areas where electricity is generated from fossil fuels.
Efficiency of Electric Space Heaters vs. Gas Furnaces
When comparing the efficiency of electric space heaters and gas furnaces, it is generally acknowledged that gas furnaces are more efficient in heating larger spaces, such as an entire apartment or house. This is because gas furnaces have a higher heat capacity, allowing them to absorb and retain a large amount of heat, which can then be radiated even after the resistor has been deactivated.
On the other hand, electric space heaters, particularly oil-filled models, can also be highly efficient, with some models being over 99% efficient, converting almost all the electricity they consume directly into heat. This makes them a more efficient option for smaller spaces, such as a single room.
The efficiency of electric space heaters can also be influenced by the size of the space being heated and the specific model of the heater. For smaller spaces, an electric space heater can be more efficient than a gas furnace, as they can focus the energy of heating on a more manageable area. This can be particularly true in older, draftier houses, where heat may be lost through the forced-air delivery system of a gas furnace.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Between Electric and Gas Heating
Another factor to consider is the cost of running the heating systems. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, heating an entire home with electric space heaters can cost 43% more than a gas furnace. However, using a space heater in a single room, such as a bedroom while sleeping, can be a practical and cost-effective way to use a space heater without making a significant dent in your electricity bill.
In larger homes, the use of a space heater can potentially save money by allowing you to bypass the HVAC zone system and heat a smaller space more efficiently. For example, if you have a large home with multiple floors, using a space heater to heat a single room or floor can be more cost-effective than heating the entire space with a gas furnace. However, in smaller homes or apartments, where the gas and electric systems heat the entire space, the cost difference between gas and electric heat may not be as significant.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Between Electric and Gas Heating
When deciding between an electric space heater and a gas furnace, it’s important to consider the following factors:
- Cost of Electricity vs. Natural Gas: Determine the cost of electricity and natural gas in your area, as this can significantly impact the overall cost of running the heating system.
- Size of the Space: Electric space heaters are generally more efficient for smaller spaces, while gas furnaces are more efficient for larger spaces.
- Efficiency of the Heating System: Consider the efficiency ratings of the electric space heater and gas furnace models you are considering, as this can affect the overall energy consumption and cost.
- Heating Needs: Evaluate your specific heating needs, such as the desired temperature, the frequency of use, and the desired level of comfort.
- Installation and Maintenance Costs: Factor in the initial installation costs and ongoing maintenance requirements for both electric and gas heating systems.
- Environmental Impact: Consider the environmental impact of the heating system, such as the carbon footprint and emissions, if this is a priority for you.
By carefully evaluating these factors, you can make an informed decision on whether an electric space heater or a gas furnace is the more cost-effective and efficient heating solution for your specific needs.
Conclusion
In summary, the question of whether an electric space heater is cheaper than gas depends on various factors, including the cost of electricity and natural gas in your area, the efficiency of the heating systems, and the specific circumstances of the space being heated. In some cases, an electric space heater can be a more efficient and cost-effective solution, particularly for smaller spaces or in regions where electricity is sourced from renewable energy sources. However, in larger spaces or where natural gas is significantly cheaper than electricity, a gas furnace may be the more economical choice.