When it comes to water cooling in PC building, it is crucial to avoid mixing certain metals to prevent galvanic corrosion. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two different metals are in contact with each other in an electrolyte solution, such as water, resulting in an electric current that causes the less noble metal to corrode faster.
Aluminum: The Metal to Avoid
According to various sources, aluminum is the metal that should not be mixed with other metals in a water cooling system. Specifically, aluminum should not be combined with copper, nickel, or silver, as these metals are more noble than aluminum and will cause it to corrode faster.
The Galvanic Series and Corrosion Potential
The galvanic series, also known as the electromotive force (EMF) series, is a ranking of metals based on their tendency to undergo oxidation (corrosion) when in contact with an electrolyte. The more active (less noble) a metal is, the more easily it will corrode when in contact with a more noble metal.
The galvanic series for common metals used in water cooling systems is as follows:
| Metal | Corrosion Potential (Volts) |
|---|---|
| Magnesium | -2.37 |
| Aluminum | -1.66 |
| Zinc | -0.76 |
| Mild Steel | -0.44 |
| Brass | -0.20 |
| Copper | +0.34 |
| Stainless Steel | +0.50 |
| Silver | +0.80 |
| Gold | +1.50 |
As you can see, aluminum has a much lower corrosion potential compared to copper, nickel, and silver, making it the more active (less noble) metal in the series. When aluminum is in contact with these more noble metals in a water cooling system, it will corrode at a faster rate, leading to the formation of aluminum oxide and potential clogging of the system.
Corrosion Rates and Consequences
The rate of galvanic corrosion between two metals is influenced by several factors, including the surface area ratio, the electrolyte composition, and the temperature. In a water cooling system, the corrosion rate can be quite rapid, leading to the following consequences:
- Clogging: The aluminum oxide formed during the corrosion process can accumulate in the system, clogging up small passages, waterblocks, and radiators, reducing the overall cooling efficiency.
- Leaks: As the aluminum corrodes, it can weaken the structural integrity of the components, leading to potential leaks and damage to the system.
- Reduced Lifespan: Galvanic corrosion can significantly shorten the lifespan of the water cooling components, requiring more frequent maintenance and replacement.
Recommended Metals for Water Cooling
To avoid the issues associated with galvanic corrosion, it is recommended to use only the following metals in a water cooling system:
- Copper: Copper is the most commonly used material for water cooling components, as it is highly conductive, durable, and resistant to corrosion.
- Nickel-Plated Copper: Nickel-plated copper combines the benefits of copper with an additional layer of protection against corrosion.
- Brass: Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, is also a suitable material for water cooling components, as it is resistant to corrosion.
It is important to note that while these metals are generally safe to use together, it is still recommended to use a high-quality coolant with advanced anti-corrosion and anti-bacterial inhibitors to further protect the system.
Conclusion
In summary, when it comes to water cooling in PC building, it is crucial to avoid mixing aluminum with other metals, such as copper, nickel, and silver, to prevent galvanic corrosion. The use of only copper, nickel-plated copper, or brass materials, along with a high-quality coolant, is the best way to ensure the longevity and reliability of your water cooling system.